Spartan Education Essays - Sparta, Ancient Greece, Helots

Spartan Education When examining any society, one of the most important aspects of its civilization to identify is the education of the youth. Children yearn to please their instructors. Therefore, when all children throughout a society are taught a certain way to live and think, when they grow up, the society itself models these values instilled upon the children. Naturally, when using this ideal to study the history of the Ancient Greeks, focus falls upon its two major city-states, Athens and Sparta. As in almost every aspect of comparison, the difference between the education of the warlike Spartans compared to the education of the philosophical Athenians is like comparing black to white. The main focus of a Spartan education was not to focus on literacy. Instead, as a result of the system of helotry practiced in Sparta, fitness, obedience, and courage had to be taught in order for the Spartans to retain the militaristic supremacy that they had over the rest of the Peloponnesus. In contrast, an Ath enian education was devoted to the three basic categories of literacy, music, and physical education in hopes of creating intelligent, well-rounded citizens who could responsibly participate in the Assembly. For purposes of comparison, the education of both societies can be broken down into three distinct periods of age in which certain traits were taught and which certain schools were attended. When education was complete, the society had successfully refined another child into its strict system of beliefs and principles. In the eighth century B.C., Sparta was in need of more fertile land to support an ever-growing population that demanded food. Consequently, Sparta was forced to do what any ancient civilization did when in need of

Free Essays on Yo Quiero Introducir Mi Amigo

Yo quiero introducir a mi amigo Justin. El tiene vienticinco aà ±os y sus cumpleaà ±os es el quince de abril. El nacià ³ en Madison, Wisconsin y el vive en Madison ahora. El es moreno, bajo, y flaco. Tambià ©n el tienes tatuajes en sus brazos, manos, piernas, y el tiene un tatuaje en su barbilla. El es fuerte, irrespetuoso, y no inteligente. El no tiene una esposa o nià ±os. El dibuja tatuajes para trabajo y el me dio un tatuaje en mi brazo izquierda. Justin toca la guitarra en un grupo de la mà ºsica rock. El toque la guitarra en mi grupo de rock hace cinco aà ±os pasados. El vive con mà ­ pero no me gusta porque el es loco y el siempre tocando la guitarra muy fuerte. El se levanta a cerca de once de la maà ±ana y nunca se ducha antes de el tiene que ir a trabajar. El siempre huele mal porque el nunca se ducha. En la noche el va a Milwaukee con sus amigos para el puedes tocar la guitarra en su grupo de rock y regresa a cerca de tres de la maà ±ana. La dà ­a prà ³xima el hace otra vez. El hace todos los dà ­as. En un aà ±o el es va a estar en Milwaukee tocando la guitarra y viviendo en estampillas de alimento. En cinco aà ±os el va a estar en la crcel probablemente porque el es una problema. El es un culero. El ha sido mi amigo por diez aà ±os y el es casi mi hermano. El es especialmente a me porque toque la guitarra con a me. Justin tiene que ir a escuela y recibe un trabajo autentico. El necesita alguien a darle a una buena lejà ­a y dà ­gale el es holgazn.... Free Essays on Yo Quiero Introducir Mi Amigo Free Essays on Yo Quiero Introducir Mi Amigo Yo quiero introducir a mi amigo Justin. El tiene vienticinco aà ±os y sus cumpleaà ±os es el quince de abril. El nacià ³ en Madison, Wisconsin y el vive en Madison ahora. El es moreno, bajo, y flaco. Tambià ©n el tienes tatuajes en sus brazos, manos, piernas, y el tiene un tatuaje en su barbilla. El es fuerte, irrespetuoso, y no inteligente. El no tiene una esposa o nià ±os. El dibuja tatuajes para trabajo y el me dio un tatuaje en mi brazo izquierda. Justin toca la guitarra en un grupo de la mà ºsica rock. El toque la guitarra en mi grupo de rock hace cinco aà ±os pasados. El vive con mà ­ pero no me gusta porque el es loco y el siempre tocando la guitarra muy fuerte. El se levanta a cerca de once de la maà ±ana y nunca se ducha antes de el tiene que ir a trabajar. El siempre huele mal porque el nunca se ducha. En la noche el va a Milwaukee con sus amigos para el puedes tocar la guitarra en su grupo de rock y regresa a cerca de tres de la maà ±ana. La dà ­a prà ³xima el hace otra vez. El hace todos los dà ­as. En un aà ±o el es va a estar en Milwaukee tocando la guitarra y viviendo en estampillas de alimento. En cinco aà ±os el va a estar en la crcel probablemente porque el es una problema. El es un culero. El ha sido mi amigo por diez aà ±os y el es casi mi hermano. El es especialmente a me porque toque la guitarra con a me. Justin tiene que ir a escuela y recibe un trabajo autentico. El necesita alguien a darle a una buena lejà ­a y dà ­gale el es holgazn....

Fugitive Pieces by Anne Michaels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fugitive Pieces by Anne Michaels - Essay Example Grief contributes nothing but pain and unending sorrow. It is only allowing yourself be imprisoned in the past for which affects the people that you deal with at present, dragging them into feeling the same miseries that you have had in your past. We all share one world therefore it is of no wonder that we find people who share the same grievances with us. They may have different memories of the painful past, yet we find security upon knowing that somebody shares the same heartache that we have been into, lest that somebody had found peace against all the odds. No one can escape grief in a blink of an eye. The book supports the idea that healing a wounded heart requires enough time that its scar leaves a trace of that painful past "How many years pass before the difference between murder and death erodes Grief requires time. If a chip of stone radiates its self, its breath, so long, how stubborn might be the soul. If sound waves carry on to infinity, where are their screams now" It also took Jakob a sufficient time to be able for him to accept the realities that had happened to him and his family. He had grieved over his sister's loss that he finds himself even more miserable that he sees Bella in his wife's personality - which he eventually thought that life with her is impossible. This situation concerns the lines "the responsibility of forgiveness on behalf of the dead. No act of violence is ever resolved The bond of memory and history when they share space and time. Every moment is two moments." It is with his wife that every moment is two moments for it is with spending time with his wife that Jakob feels spending it with his sister as well. Therefore he had come into a realization that " to remain with the dead is to abandon them" Jakob thus chooses to live at present, see the beauty and the pleasures that the present bring by leaving his past behind, which means leaving Alex to give honor to his sister's memories and to look at forward to brand new memories he could keep in the future. Living harmoniously at present does not mean burying the memories of the past. It is accepting it and living with it, turning the other side of the stone into a meaningful and memorable past gaining more wisdom and strength out of that painful past. Pain is a common emotion that one feels whenever he has lost someone, or have gone through a dreadful past. However, with grief, one finds the beauty of life itself. "Then Jakob said: 'Perhaps the electron is neither particle nor wave but something else instead, much less simple - a dissonance - like grief, whose pain is love. We think of weather as transient, changeable, and above all, ephemeral; but everywhere nature remembers. Trees, for example, carry the memory of rainfall. In their rings we read ancient weather-storms, sunlight, and temperatures, the growing seasons of centuries'" These lines are just examples that grief could bring to a person. It allows us to see every privilege that we have been granted. In pain, our eyes are ope ned up to a world with so much to look forward to. "History is amoral: events occurred. But memory is moral; what we consciously remember is what our conscience remembers..." Memory is involved with not alone of the pictures of the past but it is at the same time feeling the same feeling

Final Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final Project - Research Paper Example Phoenix Airport is expected to become a â€Å"strong financial partner committed to aviation, to help fund large capital items† (passenger terminals, parking garages) and those items that are not eligible to be funded by Passenger Facility Charges or Airport Improvement Program (for instance, roadway systems). Moreover, Phoenix representatives will participate in the meeting with the FAA for it to fund $200 million in capital projects with AIP grants based on the following plans: the Airport Master Plan, the Airport Capital Improvement Program, and the Airport Layout Plan (Amended and Restated Intergovernmental Agreement, 3). The Airport Improvement Program (AIP) is a program, providing grant for the planning and development of public-use airports, included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (Faa.gov, n.p.). AIP funding is generated by the Congressional appropriations of revenues paid by airport users (aviation fuel, airline tickets, aircraft registrations, etc) (Master Plan Executive Summary, 4). -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   AIP offers grants for reliever and general aviation airports (Gateway Airport), which covers a range of 90-95% of eligible costs and 75-80% of eligible costs for large and medium primary hub airports) (Phoenix Sky Harbour) (Faa.gov, n.p.) -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For being eligible for a grant, an airport should be included in the NPIAS. Based on the 2013-2017 years plan, both Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport and Phoenix-Mesa Gateway are included to the NPIAS list (Appendix A – all NPIAS Airports 2013-2017, n.p.). -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to the Appendix A (NPIAS, n.p.) current enplanement at Phoenix-Mesa Gateway is equal to 417  862 with 89 current based aircrafts (Appendix A – all NPIAS Airports 2013-2017, n.p.). According to the Airport Master Plan Executive summary of the Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport (2) number of Air Carrier

The Feasibility of Implementing Continuous Decent Approaches in Highly Research Paper

The Feasibility of Implementing Continuous Decent Approaches in Highly Congested Airspace - Research Paper Example y higher for longer, and then to descend continuously from the level of bottom of stack, intercepting the 3 degrees grid path to runway (Civil Aviation authority, 2009). This method does not require any additional engine power. The approach involves much less noise and reduces environmental pollution. Therefore, though not widely embraced in aviation (Shresta, Neskovic & Williams, 2009), CDA promises much better environmental sustainability in the future of aviation industry, due to significantly reduced fuel consumption and much less noise pollution. However, CDA in densely populated and congested airspace my not be reality due to space constraints and the requirements of a clear flight path for each landing plane. Alam et al (2010) in a study on dynamic CDA methodology of noise and emission reduction observed that there are 64 possible dynamic CDA routes at the Sydney airport. This implies at any one time, 64 airplanes can land on the airplane at different CDA routes. This was found to have a reduction of 14.6% noise, 11.6% nitrogen oxides, and 1.5% reduction compared to standard CDA trajectory route. Such a model offers approach in highly congested airspace. However, Robinson & Kamagarpour (2011) stressed that traffic separation demands and airspace restrictions should not in any way interfere with flight decent path. On the other hand, Dinges (2007) explains there are only a few studies on involving large numbers of flights in an individual airport. Alcabin et al (2009) extrapolated a small number of flights to the entire NAS, to portray effect of mass decent by planes in different airports in both congested and uncontested periods. Tong (2006) investigated the benefits of new approach proc edures using dual runaway operations at IAH airport. Moreover, Wat using flight recorder data estimated the benefits of about 150 continuous descent operations at Schipol (Wat, 2006). Reynolds (2009) while using flight recorded data tried to separate the vertical path and

Overview of Bones in the Human Body

Overview of Bones in the Human Body The skull is the top of the skeleton and consists of the cranium and mandible. The cranial part of the skull is composed of separate bones united at immobile joints called sutures. These sutures are held by sutural ligaments. The skull is made of compact bone, covered with periosteum, and a layer of diploe. The mandible is connected to the cranium by a synovial joint called the temporomandibular joint. The cranium houses the brain and supports the face. The number of bones in the skull totals 22. The skull bones can be divided into two groups. The bones of the cranium and facial. The five bones of the cranium consist of one frontal, two parietal, one occipital, two temporal, one sphenoid, and one ethmoid bone. The facial bones consist of two zygomatic bones, two maxillae, two nasal bones, two lacrimal bones, one vomer, two palatine bones, two Inferior conchae, and one mandible. In the thoracic cage we have the lateral ribs, costal cartilages, dorsal thoracic vertebrae, sternum, and the xiphoid. The thoracic cavity protects the heart and lungs. This cage also supports the shoulder girdles and upper limbs and attached you will find the neck, chest, and Skeletons and Bones   PG 2. muscles. The sternum or breastbone has three fused bones. We have 12 ribs total. The ribs are either floating ribs or true ribs. The true ribs 1-7 are attached to the sternum. Ribs 8-10 are considered false ribs. The ribs 11-12 are considered floating ribs and do not attach to the sternum. The scapula is a flat, triangular bone which articulates laterally with the clavicle and with the humerous. We have two identical pairs. The clavicles are a pair of long bones that connect the scapula to the sternum. The clavicles are cylindrical bones around 6 inches long. They are located in the thoracic region superior and anterior to the first rib. Each clavicle runs transversely and forms a joint with the sternum on its medial end and the scapula on its lateral end. (Bones: structure and mechanics, Pg. 47) The clavicles, along with the scapulae, form the pectoral girdle that attaches the bones of the arm to the trunk. The sternoclavicular joints are the only bony attachments between the pectoral girdles and the bones of the axial skeleton. Several muscles of the neck and shoulder also attach to the clavicle, including the pectoralis major, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, and deltoid. The vertebra column consists of 33 vertebrae. The first 24 vertebra are articulating vertebrae, seven cervical, 12 thoracic, five lumbar, and the lower nine are fused. Then following we have five fused in the sacrumand four in the coccyx. The spinal canal protects the spinal cord. The human vertebral column is the backbone or spine, consisting of thirty three in total. The vertebra are small bones forming the backbone and they have a hole through which the spinal cord passes. The ilium is the uppermost and largest part of the hip bone. This bone is wide, flat, and provides attachment points.   The curved ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone. This bone is below the ilium and behind the pubis. The superior portion of this Skeleton and Bones    PG 3. bone forms approximately one third of the acetabulum. The body rests on these bones while in sitting position. The pubic bone is the ventral and anterior of the three bones which make up half of the pelvis. The pubic bone is covered the mons pubis. There is a superior ramus and an inferior ramus noted.The pubis is the lowest and most anterior portion of the hip bones of the pelvis. The pubic symphysis, is where the two hip bones of the pelvis are fused together. The humerus is the upper arm long bone, it extends from shoulder to elbow. The proximal end has a smooth round head that articulates with scapula. The cylindrical shaped humerus has two rounded processes called the greater and lesser tubercles. The distal end of the humerus has two articulating surfaces, the trochlea which articulates with the ulna and the capitulum, which articulates with the radius at the elbow. The ulnais a long bone located on the opposite side of the forearm from the thumb. It attaches to the humerus on the larger end and joins with the carpal bones of the hand at its smaller end. It lies medially and parallel to theradius.The forearm has two large bones, the radius and the ulna, of which the radius is the larger bone. The radius is located on the lateral side of the forearm between the elbow and the wrist joints.   The pectoral girdle is the skeletal framework that provides attachment for the scapulas and clavicles.The Pelvic Girdle is composed of 2 hip bones and sacrum. The talus bone, astragalus, or ankle bone is one of the group of foot bones known as the tarsus. The tarsus forms the lower part of the ankle through its articulations with the lateral and medial malleoli of the two bones of the lower leg, the tibia and fibula. The tarsus transmits the entire weight of the body to the foot. The calcaneus or heel bone is a bone of the tarsus of the foot which constitutes the Skeleton and Bones   PG 4. heel. The metatarsal bones, or metatarsus are five long bones in the foot, located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-foot and the phalanges of the toes. (Fundamentals of Anatomy Physiology) The metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side: the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. A tarsal is considered one of the seven bones of the tarsus. The metacarpals are long bones within the hand that are connected to the carpals, or wrist bones, and to the phalanges, or finger bones. The tops of the metacarpals form the knuckles where they join to the wrist. On the palm side, they are covered with connective tissue. There are eight small carpel bones that sit between the distal ends of the radius and ulna. They have five metacarpals. The size of these metacarpals vary and have different shapes. The phalanges are digital long bones found in the hands and feet. There are generally three noted, distal, middle, and proximal for each digit. The only exception the thumbs and large toes. The fibula is a leg bone located on the lateral side of the tibia, with which it is connected above and below. It is the smaller of the two lower leg bones and the slenderest of all the long bones. The tibia is the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones and it connects the knee with the ankle bones. The tibia is found on the medial side of the leg next to the fibula. It is the second largest bone in the human body next to the femur. The patella is a circular-triangular bonewhich articulates with the femur and covers the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The femur articulates with the acetabulumin the pelvic bone forming the hip joint, while the distal part of the femur articulates with the tibia and patella forming the knee joint. The femur is the strongest bone in the body. 1. Briefly identify and discuss the microscopic structures of compact bone Skeleton and Bones    PG 5. Compact bone contains rigid organs that form parts of the endoskeleton. Compact bone assist the body to move, supports it, and protects organs. Compact bone produces red and white blood cells and store minerals. The cortical bone is one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Cortical bone is often most prominent in the human femur and tibia. The outer layer is dense and forms the shaft of the long bones. Compact bone is made up of concentric layers of mineral deposits surrounding a central opening. The cylindrical shaped osteon is the main structure that makes the outer layer of bones hard. They typically run parallel.   The cortical bone is considered approximately 80% of mature bone.   Each unit is generally made up of the Haversian canal, Volkmanns canals, osteocytes, and canalulis. (Bones structure and mechanics, Pg. 212) Compact bone contains a central canal, called the Haversian canal, along with concentric layers of bone called interstitial lamellae. The Haversian canal is actually surrounded with rings of lamellae. Lamellae are made up of bone matrix, collagen fibers, and mineral crystals. Interstitial lamellae are contained in the spaces between osteons. Cancellous or spongy bone has less strength than compact bone and within the Haversian canal is composed of a layer of endosteum. This connective tissue is rich in nerve fibers and blood vessels. Blood cells within the canal carry nutrients and waste to and away from the outer layer of the bone. These systems of canals and lamellae are also called osteons. Spongy bone is hollow and appears like a sponge. They contain thin spicules are known as trabeculae. In between these cavities you will find red or yellow bone.  Volkmanns canals are small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and these canals provide energy and nourish osteons. Trabecular bone is another name for spongy Skeleton and Bones    PG 6. bone and can be found at the ends of long bones. (Haversian system, Pg. 12) Long bones is most of the appendicular skeleton. The ends of the long bones are epiphysis, its shaft is called the diaphysis. The surroundings or periphery of the epiphysis and diaphysis are made up of compact bone. In between long bones are epiphyseal plates and this is the region where bone growth occurs. The long bone is covered of the fibrous sheath called periosteum. The periosteum protects the bone and allows it to attach to other bones.

Middle Passage :: History

Middle Passage European slavers altered the way that different African people viewed one another and themselves. The book by Miguel Barnet, Biography of a Runaway Slave is a strong account that can be used to explore how Africans changed their perception of each other, and how this change influenced the lives of Africans in the Americas. First of all it is important to examine how many African slaves were brought to the New World. The Middle Passage is infamous route of the ships that carried slaves to the Americas. After the arrival to the New World, the slaves were sold or exchanged for the valuable goods. The term Middle Passage might sound somewhat romantic, but in reality it stands as a one of the most terrible events in history. The Middle Passage is the passage of bonded slaves from West Africa to the Americas. In the beginning, there was a trade between Europeans and African leaders who sold their enemies and disabled people in exchange for unique gifts such as guns, tobacco, iron bars and etc. But at the later stages of slavery, Europeans often kidnapped Africans at the costal area of Western Africa and then sent to ships that sailed them to the New World where this new free work force was needed to help stabilize the new nation. The Middle Passage took about ninety days. However, there where times when few months were need to transport Africans. During the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean, Africans were treated terribly. On the ship, African slaves were crammed like sardines and chained together. In addition, Africans had to endure the terrible heat, there was little or no food provided. They were subjected to diseases that quickly spread among slaves, and many died due to unsanitary conditions. Most of the time, the sick were thrown overboard to avoid infecting others. One writer describes the terrible conditions that African slaves had to endure, â€Å"In the voyage, one of every three Africans died from dysentery, smallpox, or suffocation and was thrown overboard to the sharks, who reportedly followed the slave ships from the coast of Africa all the way to the New World.† Also, the ship’s crew often treated the Africans badly; they often whipped them because many of the people resisted and tried to escape from the cargo ship. On the cargo ships, there were people from various African tribes. According to Afro-Louisiana History and Genealogy, there were many different ethnic groups among them, the Congo, the Edo and the Yoruba/Nago, just to name few. Middle Passage :: History Middle Passage European slavers altered the way that different African people viewed one another and themselves. The book by Miguel Barnet, Biography of a Runaway Slave is a strong account that can be used to explore how Africans changed their perception of each other, and how this change influenced the lives of Africans in the Americas. First of all it is important to examine how many African slaves were brought to the New World. The Middle Passage is infamous route of the ships that carried slaves to the Americas. After the arrival to the New World, the slaves were sold or exchanged for the valuable goods. The term Middle Passage might sound somewhat romantic, but in reality it stands as a one of the most terrible events in history. The Middle Passage is the passage of bonded slaves from West Africa to the Americas. In the beginning, there was a trade between Europeans and African leaders who sold their enemies and disabled people in exchange for unique gifts such as guns, tobacco, iron bars and etc. But at the later stages of slavery, Europeans often kidnapped Africans at the costal area of Western Africa and then sent to ships that sailed them to the New World where this new free work force was needed to help stabilize the new nation. The Middle Passage took about ninety days. However, there where times when few months were need to transport Africans. During the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean, Africans were treated terribly. On the ship, African slaves were crammed like sardines and chained together. In addition, Africans had to endure the terrible heat, there was little or no food provided. They were subjected to diseases that quickly spread among slaves, and many died due to unsanitary conditions. Most of the time, the sick were thrown overboard to avoid infecting others. One writer describes the terrible conditions that African slaves had to endure, â€Å"In the voyage, one of every three Africans died from dysentery, smallpox, or suffocation and was thrown overboard to the sharks, who reportedly followed the slave ships from the coast of Africa all the way to the New World.† Also, the ship’s crew often treated the Africans badly; they often whipped them because many of the people resisted and tried to escape from the cargo ship. On the cargo ships, there were people from various African tribes. According to Afro-Louisiana History and Genealogy, there were many different ethnic groups among them, the Congo, the Edo and the Yoruba/Nago, just to name few.